The Critical Eye - The Blind Spot of Artificial Intelligence book cover by Mariano Peluso
© 2026 Mariano Peluso

The Critical Eye

The blind spot of Artificial Intelligence

How to remain responsible in a world that functions without understanding us

Book Contents

We no longer live under a human gaze. We live inside systems that see, calculate, and predict. Artificial Intelligence is not merely a technology: it is a form of gaze that transforms the world into data and data into automated decisions.

"We are not merely delegating decisions to machines. We are delegating the very way the world becomes visible."

This book explores the blind spot of intelligent systems—what every model must necessarily exclude in order to function, and what becomes invisible at the very moment prediction replaces choice.

Through a path that weaves together the genealogy of the gaze, analysis of predictive control, and reflection on responsibility, we discover how algorithmic power no longer operates through imposition, but through the normalization of what appears probable, efficient, and inevitable.

Addressed to: Professionals working with digital systems, developers, policymakers, researchers, communicators, and anyone reflecting on technology, power, and responsibility. This is not a technical manual, but a critical reflection for those who wish to understand how algorithmic control redefines our present.

Critical Perspective on the Individual and Control

In a world where automated systems suggest, guide, and anticipate our choices, how much of individual sovereignty remains?

This book can be read as an indirect reflection on the contemporary society of control. By focusing on these systems, the discussion goes beyond technology: it highlights a deeper dynamic—the progressive outsourcing of judgment and responsibility.

These systems are not autonomous or threatening forces. They are devices that make visible tendencies already present in society: the desire to predict, simplify, and govern the complexity of reality. In this context, control is not imposed, but often accepted because it is perceived as efficient, neutral, or reassuring. Every suggestion, every algorithm promising objectivity, pushes us to relinquish small fragments of our judgment.

The risk is not an immediate loss of freedom, but a gradual reduction of critical insight. When decisions are delegated to systems perceived as neutral, we become accustomed to overlooking what truly guides them. The "blind spot" remains hidden, and uncovering it is a challenge for those who truly want to understand.

Within this framework, the reflection comes into tension with the modern idea of the sovereign individual. The sovereignty of the subject is not openly denied but progressively hollowed out. The individual remains formally free to choose, while the very criteria for choice are increasingly pre-defined, suggested, or automated. Are we truly free to decide, or do we accept a silent order that steers our choices without us noticing? The responsibility of systems and procedures becomes opaque, distributed across tools, rules, and decisions that appear neutral.

From this perspective, these systems act as amplifiers: they accelerate existing tendencies and reveal the ways in which power is exercised today, often invisibly and diffusely. Control manifests not through prohibition, but through the quiet guidance of choices, the normalization of preferences, and the promise of optimal solutions.

The reflection remains open and moves within the field of critical attention. Control can operate with or without automated systems. These systems are not its origin, but act as a catalyst that simplifies control processes.

Reading this book invites the question: how capable are we of truly observing and questioning the world around us without blindly relying on systems and procedures?

The Book's Chapters

Chapter I

When the Gaze Becomes a System

At what moment does the capacity to observe transform into a form of automatic power? How does the gaze lose its human face.

Chapter II

From Control to Prediction

The shift from reactive control to predictive control. How probability becomes a norm when it guides action.

Chapter III

The Model's Blind Spot

Every functioning model must exclude. When that blind spot becomes invisible, responsibility disappears.

Chapter IV

When the Model Becomes Reality

The precise moment when a tool ceases to be consulted and begins to function as an inevitable horizon.

Chapter V

Invisibility and the Illusion of Escape

Making oneself invisible to systems is a defensive strategy, not transformative. True spaces of resistance lie elsewhere.

Chapter VI

Cognitive Asymmetry

For the first time, the tools we use to decide produce solutions that exceed human capacity to understand.

Chapter VII

Responsibility Without Shutting the System Down

How to reclaim responsibility without demanding total control. A possible posture between automation and human judgment.

Chapter VIII

The Critical Eye

A conceptual figure that makes criteria visible, exposes models, reveals what has been excluded to make decisions.

Chapter IX

Building the Eye of Awareness

Awareness does not arise spontaneously. It is a cultural construction requiring time, space, and shared languages.

Chapter X

When AI Generates AI

The cycle closes: systems generating other systems. How to remain present and responsible when control becomes cognitively fragile.

Central Themes

The Gaze as Power

How the way we see determines how we govern in our time.

The Structural Blind Spot

What every model must exclude to function becomes invisible and therefore undisputed.

Responsibility and Delegation

How to maintain the imputability of decisions when the system functions without being understood.

Prediction vs. Decision

The moment when probability replaces choice, and how this redefines power.

Cognitive Asymmetry

When systems function better than ever, yet become increasingly incomprehensible.

Critical Lucidity

A collective practice for interrogating functioning without demonizing technology.

The Author

Mariano Peluso has worked for over twenty years in business intelligence, market research, and strategic marketing. With specialization in the global coffee industry, he has supported organizations and professionals in complex decision-making processes based on data and competitive dynamics.

Alongside his professional practice, he maintains a sustained interest in digital technologies—not merely as tools, but as environments capable of shaping perception, behavior, and imagination. His perspective moves between critical observation, historical curiosity, and conceptual experimentation.